Differentiating Research and EBP
Research uses qualitative and quantitative methodologies to generate new knowledge or validate existing knowledge. It employs scientific inquiry and rigorous methods to test hypotheses and answer research questions. Research begins with a burning question and uses systematic review to identify knowledge gaps, with variables that can be manipulated or measured (Grys, 2022).
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) translates clinical evidence to make patient care decisions. It involves utilizing research alongside clinical knowledge and expertise gained through experience. EBP begins with asking a PICOT question that defines the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and time frame. EBP examines whether research warrants a practice change and evaluates whether changes can be sustained (Grys, 2022).
The PICOT Framework
A PICOT question defines: the problem/population being studied, the specific intervention suitable for the target population, an alternative intervention for comparison, the outcomes to be measured, and the time frame for implementation.
Supporting Evidence for Practice Change
Wyss-Hanecke et al. (2023) emphasize the importance of multifactorial fall prevention strategies. Implementation begins with identifying individual risk factors including vertigo, cognitive impairment, medications that increase fall risk, and impaired vision. Individual strategies are tailored based on these risk factors. Examples of multifactorial prevention strategies include regular gait training, exercise-based programs, fall prevention education, medication management, home modification, use of assistive devices, proper footwear, fall detection alert systems, and addressing underlying health issues.
References
- Grys, C. A. (2022). Evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and research: A visual model. Nursing2023, 52(11), 47-49. https://journals.lww.com/nursing/fulltext/2022/11000/
- Wyss-Hanecke, R., et al. (2023). Implementation fidelity of a multifactorial in-hospital fall prevention program. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1), 158. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-023-09157-5
Related: See our IRB and ethical research paper or developing a PICOT question.